The chemical formula of acetic acid is C₂H₄O₂. Chemically speaking, it is an acid, meaning that it a proton (H+ ion) can be removed from its chemical structure. Adding an acid to a solution generally lowers the pH of the solution.

Pure acetic acid can be hazardous when spilled or inhaled. Appropriate precautions (lab coat, gloves, goggles, fume hood) should be employed when handling this chemical.